Cold War:Superpowers Face Off 1. Before WWII ended, US was upset w/ USSR A. Josef Stalin had signed a nonagression pact w/ Germany in 1939 B. Stalin blamed the Allies for not invading early enough 2. Churchill, FDR, and Stalin met at Yalta to divide Germany -Churchill predicted that Stalin would follow through if Eastern Europeans followed a "Russia- friendly" policy 3.June 1945-US and USSR had different goals- Soviets had much more fatalities and more damage from the war than the US
United Nations: international organization intended to protect members against aggression
Iron Curtain: Phrase coined by Churchill meant to represent Europe's division into mostly democratic western Europe and communist Eastern Europe
Containment: Policy directed at blocking the Soviet Union's influence and stopping the expansion of communism. policies included forming alliances and helping weak countries resist Soviet advances
Truman Doctrine: Truman's speech about support for countries that rejected communism
Marshall Plan: program of assistance by the US for needy European countries-providing food, machinery, and other materials needed to rebuild
Cold War: struggle over political differences carried on by means of short military act or war
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization. A defensive military alliance when if one country was atacked, all allied countries would fight back
Warsaw Pact: pact between Soviet Union, East Germany, Czeckoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania
Brinkmanship: willingness to go to the brink, or edge, of war. required a reliable source of nuclear weapons and airplanes to deliver them.
Political differences split the Allied Forces--the U.S. and other Western nations, and Russia and Eastern nations. The Yalta conference was held to figure out what to after WWII, but the Soviets later broke the pact and dropped the Iron Curtain on Eastern Europe. The U.S. had the successful Marshall plan to rebuild Western Europe, and the Truman Doctrine to help countries resisting Communism. The Cold War was started,with the countries building up their arms and space programs. Meanwhile, other alliances were formed (NATO, Warsaw Pact, United Nations)
Eastern Europe's Iron Curtain Soviets faced invasion -major goal, protect from invasion from the west Soviets installed communist govt in territories that protected them Truman, Churchill and Stalin meet in July 1945: *Truman wanted Stalin to permit free elections *Stalin says Communism and capitalism cannot exist in the same world
Germany split into 2 sections German Democratic Republic Federal Republic of Germany
Iron Curtain- Communist in Eastern Europe Democratic in Western Europe
US Tries to Contain Soviets relations continued to worsen in 1946-1947 US tried to offset Soviet threat with containment Containment influenced the stopping of expansion of communism support for countries that rejected communism was the Truman Doctrine US debated on assistance of European countries, Communists seized power of Czechoslovakia Marshall Plan was successful Soviets held West Berlin hostage in order to get Allies to withdraw from Berlin American and British forces flew food and supplies into West Berlin for nearly 11 months Soviets admitted defeat and lifted the blockade in May 1949
The Cold War Divides the World Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union cold war dictated foreign policy for the world NATO was formed because of the Berlin blockade and Soviet aggression The Warsaw Pact was formed because the Soviet Union saw NATO as a threat Berlin Wall symbolized a world divided into rival camps and was built by East Germany US struggled to stay ahead of Soviet Union in arms race built hydrogen bomb- thought to be thousands of times stronger then A-bomb Soviet Union tested own H-bomb a year later Us strengthened air force and began producing stockpiles of nuclear weapons pushed science education Soviets used ICBM to push Sputnik(first unmanned satellite) into space a year later, US launched own satellite CIA started secret high-altitude spy flights over Soviet Union in U-2 planes
The Space Race 1950's, US and Soviet Union compete and race for the skies; space control Soviet Union and US compete and each send many launches 1961,first American in space 1969, Apollo 11-manned moon landing 1971, first manned space station by the Soviets 1975, join together to launch a joint space station 1987, Soviet launches Sputnik
United Nations was formed to protect members against aggression; also a place for nations to bring their problems. 6. capitalism vs. communism, democracy vs dictatorship, post-war goals, race to space, race for nuclear weapons, NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the fact that the Soviets wanted a weak Germany but the US, French, and British all pulled out of Germany led to the US and the Soviet Union becoming rivals instead of allies. 7.In supporting Communist governments in Eastern Europe, Stalin was able to access natural resources of those countries and also had more power. 8. Berlin was a likely spot for trouble to develop during the Cold War because the iron Curtain ran right through it. Berlin was divided into 4 section, the British, French, and US on the west side and the Soviets on the east side. The Soviets in the east tried to starve the people in West Berlin.
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Cold War:Superpowers Face Off
1. Before WWII ended, US was upset w/ USSR
A. Josef Stalin had signed a nonagression pact w/ Germany in 1939
B. Stalin blamed the Allies for not invading early enough
2. Churchill, FDR, and Stalin met at Yalta to divide Germany
-Churchill predicted that Stalin would follow through if Eastern Europeans followed a "Russia- friendly" policy
3.June 1945-US and USSR had different goals- Soviets had much more fatalities and more damage from the war than the US
Terms and Names:
United Nations: international organization intended to protect members against aggression
Iron Curtain: Phrase coined by Churchill meant to represent Europe's division into mostly democratic western Europe and communist Eastern Europe
Containment: Policy directed at blocking the Soviet Union's influence and stopping the expansion of communism. policies included forming alliances and helping weak countries resist Soviet advances
Truman Doctrine: Truman's speech about support for countries that rejected communism
Marshall Plan: program of assistance by the US for needy European countries-providing food, machinery, and other materials needed to rebuild
Cold War: struggle over political differences carried on by means of short military act or war
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization. A defensive military alliance when if one country was atacked, all allied countries would fight back
Warsaw Pact: pact between Soviet Union, East Germany, Czeckoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania
Brinkmanship: willingness to go to the brink, or edge, of war. required a reliable source of nuclear weapons and airplanes to deliver them.
Political differences split the Allied Forces--the U.S. and other Western nations, and Russia and Eastern nations. The Yalta conference was held to figure out what to after WWII, but the Soviets later broke the pact and dropped the Iron Curtain on Eastern Europe.
The U.S. had the successful Marshall plan to rebuild Western Europe, and the Truman Doctrine to help countries resisting Communism. The Cold War was started,with the countries building up their arms and space programs.
Meanwhile, other alliances were formed (NATO, Warsaw Pact, United Nations)
That last entry was from 5th period, Madeleine, Miller, Justine, Monica, Shannon, and someone.
Eastern Europe's Iron Curtain
Soviets faced invasion
-major goal, protect from invasion from the west
Soviets installed communist govt in territories that protected them
Truman, Churchill and Stalin meet in July 1945: *Truman wanted Stalin to permit free elections *Stalin says Communism and capitalism cannot exist in the same world
Germany split into 2 sections
German Democratic Republic
Federal Republic of Germany
Iron Curtain- Communist in Eastern Europe Democratic in Western Europe
US Tries to Contain Soviets
relations continued to worsen in 1946-1947
US tried to offset Soviet threat with containment
Containment influenced the stopping of expansion of communism
support for countries that rejected communism was the Truman Doctrine
US debated on assistance of European countries, Communists seized power of Czechoslovakia
Marshall Plan was successful
Soviets held West Berlin hostage in order to get Allies to withdraw from Berlin
American and British forces flew food and supplies into West Berlin for nearly 11 months
Soviets admitted defeat and lifted the blockade in May 1949
The Cold War Divides the World
Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union
cold war dictated foreign policy for the world
NATO was formed because of the Berlin blockade and Soviet aggression
The Warsaw Pact was formed because the Soviet Union saw NATO as a threat
Berlin Wall symbolized a world divided into rival camps and was built by East Germany
US struggled to stay ahead of Soviet Union in arms race
built hydrogen bomb- thought to be thousands of times stronger then A-bomb
Soviet Union tested own H-bomb a year later
Us strengthened air force and began producing stockpiles of nuclear weapons
pushed science education
Soviets used ICBM to push Sputnik(first unmanned satellite) into space
a year later, US launched own satellite
CIA started secret high-altitude spy flights over Soviet Union in U-2 planes
The Space Race
1950's, US and Soviet Union compete and race for the skies; space control
Soviet Union and US compete and each send many launches
1961,first American in space
1969, Apollo 11-manned moon landing
1971, first manned space station by the Soviets
1975, join together to launch a joint space station
1987, Soviet launches Sputnik
United Nations was formed to protect members against aggression; also a place for nations to bring their problems.
6. capitalism vs. communism, democracy vs dictatorship, post-war goals, race to space, race for nuclear weapons, NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the fact that the Soviets wanted a weak Germany but the US, French, and British all pulled out of Germany led to the US and the Soviet Union becoming rivals instead of allies.
7.In supporting Communist governments in Eastern Europe, Stalin was able to access natural resources of those countries and also had more power.
8. Berlin was a likely spot for trouble to develop during the Cold War because the iron Curtain ran right through it. Berlin was divided into 4 section, the British, French, and US on the west side and the Soviets on the east side. The Soviets in the east tried to starve the people in West Berlin.
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